Request for Comments: 2639 C. Manros
Category: Informational Xerox Corporation
July 1999
Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Implementer's Guide
Status of this Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document is one of a set of documents, which together describe
all aspects of a new Internet Printing Protocol (IPP). IPP is an
application level protocol that can be used for distributed printing
using Internet tools and technologies. This document contains
information that supplements the IPP Model and Semantics [RFC2566]
and the IPP Transport and Encoding [RFC2565] documents. It is
intended to help implementers understand IPP/1.0 and some of the
considerations that may assist them in the design of their client
and/or IPP object implementations. For example, a typical order of
processing requests is given, including error checking. Motivation
for some of the specification decisions is also included.
The full set of IPP documents includes:
Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol [RFC2567]
Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for the Internet
Printing Protocol [RFC2568]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics [RFC2566]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Encoding and Transport [RFC2565]
Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols [RFC2569]
The document, "Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol", takes
a broad look at distributed printing functionality, and it enumerates
real-life scenarios that help to clarify the features that need to be
included in a printing protocol for the Internet. It identifies
requirements for three types of users: end users, operators, and
administrators. The design goals document calls out a subset of end
user requirements that are satisfied in IPP/1.0. Operator and
administrator requirements are out of scope for version 1.0.
The document, "Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for
the Internet Printing Protocol", describes IPP from a high level
view, defines a roadmap for the various documents that form the suite
of IPP specifications, and gives background and rationale for the
IETF working group's major decisions.
The document, "Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics",
describes a simplified model with abstract objects, their attributes,
and their operations. The model introduces a Printer and a Job. The
Job supports multiple documents per Job. The model document also
addresses how security, internationalization, and directory issues
are addressed.
The document, "Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Encoding and
Transport", is a formal mapping of the abstract operations and
attributes defined in the model document onto HTTP/1.1. It also
defines the encoding rules for a new Internet media type called
"application/ipp".
The document, "Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols", gives some
advice to implementers of gateways between IPP and LPD (Line Printer
Daemon) implementations.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction......................................................4
1.1 Conformance language............................................4
1.2 Other terminology...............................................5
2 Model and Semantics...............................................5
2.1 Summary of Operation Attributes.................................5
2.2 Suggested Operation Processing Steps for IPP Objects ..........10
2.2.1 Suggested Operation Processing Steps for all Operations..11
2.2.1.1 Validate version number...............................11
2.2.1.2 Validate operation identifier.........................11
2.2.1.3 Validate the request identifier.......................11
2.2.1.4 Validate attribute group and attribute presence and
order.................................................12
2.2.1.5 Validate the values of the REQUIRED Operation
attributes............................................19
2.2.1.6 Validate the values of the OPTIONAL Operation
attributes............................................23
2.2.2 Suggested Additional Processing Steps for Operations that
Create/Validate Jobs and Add Documents.....................26
2.2.2.1 Default "ipp-attribute-fidelity" if not supplied......26
2.2.2.2 Check that the Printer object is accepting jobs.......26
2.2.2.3 Validate the values of the Job Template attributes....26
2.2.3 Algorithm for job validation...............................27
2.2.3.1 Check for conflicting Job Template attributes values..33
2.2.3.2 Decide whether to REJECT the request..................33
2.2.3.3 For the Validate-Job operation, RETURN one of the
success status codes..................................34
2.2.3.4 Create the Job object with attributes to support......34
2.2.3.5 Return one of the success status codes................36
2.2.3.6 Accept appended Document Content......................36
2.2.3.7 Scheduling and Starting to Process the Job............36
2.2.3.8 Completing the Job....................................37
2.2.3.9 Destroying the Job after completion...................37
2.2.3.10 Interaction with "ipp-attribute-fidelity".............37
2.3 Status codes returned by operation ............................37
2.3.1 Printer Operations.........................................38
2.3.1.1 Print-Job.............................................38
2.3.1.2 Print-URI.............................................40
2.3.1.3 Validate-Job..........................................40
2.3.1.4 Create-Job............................................41
2.3.1.5 Get-Printer-Attributes................................41
2.3.1.6 Get-Jobs..............................................42
2.3.2 Job Operations.............................................43
2.3.2.1 Send-Document.........................................43
2.3.2.2 Send-URI..............................................44
2.3.2.3 Cancel-Job............................................44
2.3.2.4 Get-Job-Attributes....................................45
2.4 Validate-Job...................................................46
2.5 Case Sensitivity in URIs ......................................46
2.6 Character Sets, natural languages, and internationalization....46
2.6.1 Character set code conversion support .....................46
2.6.2 What charset to return when an unsupported charset is
requested?.................................................48
2.6.3 Natural Language Override (NLO) ...........................48
2.7 The "queued-job-count" Printer Description attribute...........50
2.7.1 Why is "queued-job-count" RECOMMENDED?.....................50
2.7.2 Is "queued-job-count" a good measure of how busy a printer
is?........................................................50
2.8 Sending empty attribute groups ................................50
2.9 Returning unsupported attributes in Get-Xxxx responses ........51
2.10 Returning job-state in Print-Job response ....................51
2.11 Flow controlling the data portion of a Print-Job request .....52
2.12 Multi-valued attributes ......................................53
2.13 Querying jobs with IPP that were submitted using other job
submission protocols .........................................53
2.14 The 'none' value for empty sets ..............................54
2.15 Get-Jobs, my-jobs='true', and 'requesting-user-name'?.........54
2.16 The "multiple-document-handling" Job Template attribute and
support of multiple document jobs.............................54
3 Encoding and Transport...........................................55
3.1 General Headers................................................56
3.2 Request Headers...............................................57
3.3 Response Headers...............................................58
3.4 Entity Headers................................................59
3.5 Optional support for HTTP/1.0..................................60
3.6 HTTP/1.1 Chunking..............................................60
3.6.1 Disabling IPP Server Response Chunking.....................60
3.6.2 Warning About the Support of Chunked Requests..............60
4 References.......................................................61
4.1 Authors' Addresses.............................................62
5 Security Considerations..........................................62
6 Notices..........................................................62
Full Copyright Statement............................................65
1 Introduction
This document contains information that supplements the IPP Model and
Semantics [RFC2566] and the IPP Transport and Encoding [RFC2565]
documents. As such this information is not part of the formal
specifications. Instead information is presented to help implementers
understand the specification, including some of the motivation for
decisions taken by the committee in developing the specification.
Some of the implementation considerations are intended to help
implementers design their client and/or IPP object implementations.
If there are any contradictions between this document and [RFC2566] or
[RFC2565], those documents take precedence over this document.
1.1 Conformance language
Usually, this document does not contain the terminology MUST, MUST
NOT, MAY, NEED NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, REQUIRED, and OPTIONAL.
However, when those terms do appear in this document, their intent is
to repeat what the [RFC2566] and [RFC2565] documents require and
allow, rather than specifying additional conformance requirements.
These terms are defined in section 13 on conformance terminology in
[RFC2566], most of which is taken from RFC2119 [RFC2119].
Implementers should read section 13 in [RFC2566] in order to
understand these capitalized words. The words MUST, MUST NOT, and
REQUIRED indicate what implementations are required to support in a
client or IPP object in order to be conformant to [RFC2566] and
[RFC2565]. MAY, NEED NOT, and OPTIONAL indicate was is merely allowed
as an implementer option. The verbs SHOULD and SHOULD NOT indicate
suggested behavior, but which is not required or disallowed,
respectively, in order to conform to the specification.
1.2 Other terminology
The term "sender" refers to the client that sends a request or an IPP
object that returns a response. The term "receiver" refers to the IPP
object that receives a request and to a client that receives a
response.
2 Model and Semantics
This section discusses various aspects of IPP/1.0 Model and Semantics
[RFC2566].
2.1 Summary of Operation Attributes
Legend for the following table:
R indicates a REQUIRED operation or attribute for an
implementation to support
O indicates an OPTIONAL operation or attribute for an
implementation to support
Table 1. Summary of operation attributes for Printer operations
Printer Operations
Requests Responses
Operation Print- Pri Crea Get- Get- All
Attributes Job, nt- te- Printer- Jobs Opera-
Validate URI Job Attribut tions
-Job (O) (O) es
Operation parameters--REQUIRED to be supplied by the sender
operation-id R R R R R
status-code R
request-id R R R R R R
version-number R R R R R R
Operation attributes-REQUIRED to be supplied by the sender
attributes-charset R R R R R R
attributes- R R R R R R
natural-language
document-uri R
job-id*
job-uri*
last-document
printer-uri R R R R R
Operation attributes-RECOMMENDED to be supplied by the sender
job-name R R R
requesting-user- R R R R R
name
Printer Operations
Requests Responses
Operation Print- Pri Crea Get- Get- All
Attributes Job, nt- te- Printer Jobs Opera-
Vali- URI Job Attri- tions
date-Job (O) (O) butes
Operation attributes-OPTIONAL to be supplied by the sender
status-message O
compression O O
document-format R R O
document-name O O
document-natural- O O
language
ipp-attribute- R R R
fidelity
job-impressions O O O
job-k-octets O O O
job-media-sheets O O O
limit R
message
my-jobs R
requested- R R
attributes
which-jobs R
* "job-id" is REQUIRED only if used together with
"printer-uri" to identify the target job; otherwise, "job-
uri" is REQUIRED.
Table 2. Summary of operation attributes for Job operations
Requests Responses
Operation Send- Send- Cancel Get- All
Attributes Document URI -Job Job- Opera-
(O) (O) Attri- tions
butes
Operation parameters--REQUIRED to be supplied by the sender
operation-id R R R R
status-code R
request-id R R R R R
version-number R R R R R
Operation attributes-REQUIRED to be supplied by the sender
attributes- R R R R R
charset
attributes- R R R R R
natural-language
document-uri R
job-id* R R R R
job-uri* R R R R
last-document R R
printer-uri R R R R
Operation attributes-RECOMMENDED to be supplied by the
sender
job-name
requesting-user- R R R R
name
Job Operations
Requests Responses
Operation Attributes Send- Send- Cance Get- All
Document URI l-Job Job- Opera-
(O) (O) Attri- tions
butes
Operation attributes.OPTIONAL to be supplied by the sender
status-message O
compression O O
document-format R R
document-name O O
document-natural- O O
language
ipp-attribute-
fidelity
job-impressions
job-k-octets
job-media-sheets
limit
message O
my-jobs
requested-attributes R
which-jobs
* "job-id" is REQUIRED only if used together with "printer-
uri" to identify the target job; otherwise, "job-uri" is
REQUIRED.
2.2 Suggested Operation Processing Steps for IPP Objects
This section suggests the steps and error checks that an IPP object
MAY perform when processing requests and returning responses. An IPP
object MAY perform some or all of the error checks. However, some
implementations MAY choose to be more forgiving than the error checks
shown here, in order to be able to accept requests from non-
conforming clients. Not performing all of these error checks is a
so-called "forgiving" implementation. On the other hand, clients
that successfully submit requests to IPP objects that do perform all
the error checks will be more likely to be able to interoperate with
other IPP object implementations. Thus an implementer of an IPP
object needs to decide whether to be a "forgiving" or a "strict"
implementation. Therefore, the error status codes returned may
differ between implementations. Consequentially, client SHOULD NOT
expect exactly the error code processing described in this section.
When an IPP object receives a request, the IPP object either accepts
or rejects the request. In order to determine whether or not to
accept or reject the request, the IPP object SHOULD execute the
following steps. The order of the steps may be rearranged and/or
combined, including making one or multiple passes over the request.
A client MUST supply requests that would pass all of the error checks
indicated here in order to be a conforming client. Therefore, a
client SHOULD supply requests that are conforming, in order to avoid
being rejected by some IPP object implementations and/or risking
different semantics by different implementations of forgiving
implementations. For example, a forgiving implementation that
accepts multiple occurrences of the same attribute, rather than
rejecting the request might use the first occurrences, while another
might use the last occurrence. Thus such a non-conforming client
would get different results from the two forgiving implementations.
In the following, processing continues step by step until a "RETURNS
the xxx status code ." statement is encountered. Error returns are
indicated by the verb: "REJECTS". Since clients have difficulty
getting the status code before sending all of the document data in a
Print-Job request, clients SHOULD use the Validate-Job operation
before sending large documents to be printed, in order to validate
whether the IPP Printer will accept the job or not.
It is assumed that security authentication and authorization has
already taken place at a lower layer.
2.2.1 Suggested Operation Processing Steps for all Operations
This section is intended to apply to all operations. The next
section contains the additional steps for the Print-Job, Validate-
Job, Print-URI, Create-Job, Send-Document, and Send-URI operations
that create jobs, adds documents, and validates jobs.
2.2.1.1 Validate version number
Every request and every response contains the "version-number"
attribute. The value of this attribute is the major and minor
version number of the syntax and semantics that the client and IPP
object is using, respectively. The "version-number" attribute
remains in a fixed position across all future versions so that all
clients and IPP object that support future versions can determine
which version is being used. The IPP object checks to see if the
major version number supplied in the request is supported. If not,
the Printer object REJECTS the request and RETURNS the 'server-
error-version-not-supported' status code in the response. The IPP
object returns in the "version-number" response attribute the major
and minor version for the error response. Thus the client can learn
at least one major and minor version that the IPP object supports.
The IPP object is encouraged to return the closest version number to
the one supplied by the client.
The checking of the minor version number is implementation dependent,
however if the client supplied minor version is explicitly supported,
the IPP object MUST respond using that identical minor version
number. If the requested minor version is not supported (the
requested minor version is either higher or lower) than a supported
minor version, the IPP object SHOULD return the closest supported
minor version.
2.2.1.2 Validate operation identifier
The Printer object checks to see if the "operation-id" attribute
supplied by the client is supported as indicated in the Printer
object's "operations-supported" attribute. If not, the Printer
REJECTS the request and returns the 'server-error-operation-not-
supported' status code in the response.
2.2.1.3 Validate the request identifier
The Printer object SHOULD NOT check to see if the "request-id"
attribute supplied by the client is in range: between 1 and 2**31 - 1
(inclusive), but copies all 32 bits.
Note: The "version-number", "operation-id", and the "request-id"
parameters are in fixed octet positions in the IPP/1.0 encoding. The
"version-number" parameter will be the same fixed octet position in
all versions of the protocol. These fields are validated before
proceeding with the rest of the validation.
2.2.1.4 Validate attribute group and attribute presence and order
The order of the following validation steps depends on
implementation.
2.2.1.4.1 Validate the presence and order of attribute groups
Client requests and IPP object responses contain attribute groups
that Section 3 requires to be present and in a specified order. An
IPP object verifies that the attribute groups are present and in the
correct order in requests supplied by clients (attribute groups
without an * in the following tables).
If an IPP object receives a request with (1) required attribute
groups missing, or (2) the attributes groups are out of order, or (3)
the groups are repeated, the IPP object REJECTS the request and
RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request' status code. For example, it
is an error for the Job Template Attributes group to occur before the
Operation Attributes group, for the Operation Attributes group to be
omitted, or for an attribute group to occur more than once, except in
the Get-Jobs response.
Since this kind of attribute group error is most likely to be an
error detected by a client developer rather than by a customer, the
IPP object NEED NOT return an indication of which attribute group was
in error in either the Unsupported Attributes group or the Status
Message. Also, the IPP object NEED NOT find all attribute group
errors before returning this error.
2.2.1.4.2 Ignore unknown attribute groups in the expected position
Future attribute groups may be added to the specification at the end
of requests just before the Document Content and at the end of
response, except for the Get-Jobs response, where it maybe there or
before the first job attributes returned. If an IPP object receives
an unknown attribute group in these positions, it ignores the entire
group, rather than returning an error, since that group may be a new
group in a later minor version of the protocol that can be ignored.
(If the new attribute group cannot be ignored without confusing the
client, the major version number would have been increased in the
protocol document and in the request). If the unknown group occurs
in a different position, the IPP object REJECTS the request and
RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request' status code.
Clients also ignore unknown attribute groups returned in a response.
Note: By validating that requests are in the proper form, IPP
objects force clients to use the proper form which, in turn,
increases the chances that customers will be able to use such clients
from multiple vendors with IPP objects from other vendors.
2.2.1.4.3 Validate the presence of a single occurrence of required
Operation attributes
Client requests and IPP object responses contain Operation attributes
that [RFC2566] Section 3 requires to be present. Attributes within a
group may be in any order, except for the ordering of target,
charset, and natural languages attributes. These attributes MUST be
first, and MUST be supplied in the following order: charset, natural
language, and then target. An IPP object verifies that the attributes
that Section 4 requires to be supplied by the client have been
supplied in the request (attributes without an * in the following
tables). An asterisk (*) indicates groups and Operation attributes
that the client may omit in a request or an IPP object may omit in a
response.
If an IPP object receives a request with required attributes missing
or repeated from a group or in the wrong position, the behavior of
the IPP object is IMPLEMENTATION DEPENDENT. Some of the possible
implementations are:
1.REJECTS the request and RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request'
status code
2.accepts the request and uses the first occurrence of the
attribute no matter where it is
3.accepts the request and uses the last occurrence of the
attribute no matter where it is
4.accept the request and assume some default value for the missing
attribute
Therefore, client MUST send conforming requests, if they want to
receive the same behavior from all IPP object implementations. For
example, it is an error for the "attributes-charset" or "attributes-
natural-language" attribute to be omitted in any operation request,
or for an Operation attribute to be supplied in a Job Template group
or a Job Template attribute to be supplied in an Operation Attribute
group in a create request. It is also an error to supply the
"attributes-charset" attribute twice.
Since these kinds of attribute errors are most likely to be detected
by a client developer rather than by a customer, the IPP object NEED
NOT return an indication of which attribute was in error in either
the Unsupported Attributes group or the Status Message. Also, the
IPP object NEED NOT find all attribute errors before returning this
error.
The following tables list all the attributes for all the operations
by attribute group in each request and each response. The order of
the groups is the order that the client supplies the groups as
specified in [RFC2566] Section 3. The order of the attributes within
a group is arbitrary, except as noted for some of the special
operation attributes (charset, natural language, and target). The
tables below use the following notation:
R indicates a REQUIRED attribute that an IPP object MUST support
O indicates an OPTIONAL attribute that an IPP object NEED NOT
support
* indicates that a client MAY omit the attribute in a request
and that an IPP object MAY omit the attribute in a
response. The absence of an * means that a client MUST
supply the attribute in a request and an IPP object MUST
supply the attribute in a response.
Operation Requests
The tables below show the attributes in their proper attribute groups
for operation requests:
Note: All operation requests contain "version-number", "operation-
id", and "request-id" parameters.
Print-Job Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
job-name (R*)
ipp-attribute-fidelity (R*)
document-name (R*)
document-format (R*)
document-natural-language (O*)
compression (O*)
job-k-octets (O*)
job-impressions (O*)
job-media-sheets (O*)
Group 2: Job Template Attributes (R*)
<Job Template attributes> (O*)
(see [RFC2566] Section 4.2)
Group 3: Document Content (R)
<document content>
Validate-Job Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
job-name (R*)
ipp-attribute-fidelity (R*)
document-name (R*)
document-format (R*)
document-natural-language (O*)
compression (O*)
job-k-octets (O*)
job-impressions (O*)
job-media-sheets (O*)
Group 2: Job Template Attributes (R*)
<Job Template attributes> (O*)
(see [RFC2566] Section 4.2)
Create-Job Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
job-name (R*)
ipp-attribute-fidelity (R*)
job-k-octets (O*)
job-impressions (O*)
job-media-sheets (O*)
Group 2: Job Template Attributes (R*)
<Job Template attributes> (O*) (see
(see [RFC2566] Section 4.2)
Print-URI Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
document-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
job-name (R*)
ipp-attribute-fidelity (R*)
document-name (R*)
document-format (R*)
document-natural-language (O*)
compression (O*)
job-k-octets (O*)
job-impressions (O*)
job-media-sheets (O*)
Group 2: Job Template Attributes (R*)
<Job Template attributes> (O*) (see
(see [RFC2566] Section 4.2)
Send-Document Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
(printer-uri & job-id) | job-uri (R)
last-document (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
document-name (R*)
document-format (R*)
document-natural-language (O*)
compression (O*)
Group 2: Document Content (R*)
<document content>
Send-URI Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
(printer-uri & job-id) | job-uri (R)
last-document (R)
document-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
document-name (R*)
document-format (R*)
document-natural-language (O*)
compression (O*)
Cancel-Job Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
(printer-uri & job-id) | job-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
message (O*)
Get-Printer-Attributes Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
requested-attributes (R*)
document-format (R*)
Get-Job-Attributes Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
(printer-uri & job-id) | job-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
requested-attributes (R*)
Get-Jobs Request:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
printer-uri (R)
requesting-user-name (R*)
limit (R*)
requested-attributes (R*)
which-jobs (R*)
my-jobs (R*)
Operation Responses
The tables below show the response attributes in their proper
attribute groups for responses.
Note: All operation responses contain "version-number", "status-
code", and "request-id" parameters.
Print-Job Response:
Print-URI Response:
Create-Job Response:
Send-Document Response:
Send-URI Response:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
status-message (O*)
Group 2: Unsupported Attributes (R*) (see Note 3)
<unsupported attributes> (R*)
Group 3: Job Object Attributes(R*) (see Note 2)
job-uri (R)
job-id (R)
job-state (R)
job-state-reasons (O*)
job-state-message (O*)
number-of-intervening-jobs (O*)
Validate-Job Response:
Cancel-Job Response:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
status-message (O*)
Group 2: Unsupported Attributes (R*) (see Note 3)
<unsupported attributes> (R*)
Note 2 - the Job Object Attributes and Printer Object Attributes are
returned only if the IPP object returns one of the success status
codes.
Note 3 - the Unsupported Attributes Group is present only if the
client included some Operation and/or Job Template attributes or
values that the Printer doesn't support whether a success or an error
return.
Get-Printer-Attributes Response:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
status-message (O*)
Group 2: Unsupported Attributes (R*) (see Note 4)
<unsupported attributes> (R*)
Group 3: Printer Object Attributes(R*) (see Note 2)
<requested attributes> (R*)
Note 4 - the Unsupported Attributes Group is present only if the
client included some Operation attributes that the Printer doesn't
support whether a success or an error return.
Get-Job-Attributes Response:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
status-message (O*)
Group 2: Unsupported Attributes (R*) (see Note 4)
<unsupported attributes> (R*)
Group 3: Job Object Attributes(R*) (see Note 2)
<requested attributes> (R*)
Get-Jobs Response:
Group 1: Operation Attributes (R)
attributes-charset (R)
attributes-natural-language (R)
status-message (O*)
Group 2: Unsupported Attributes (R*) (see Note 4)
<unsupported attributes> (R*)
Group 3: Job Object Attributes(R*) (see Note 2, 5)
<requested attributes> (R*)
Note 5: for the Get-Jobs operation the response contains a separate
Job Object Attributes group 3 to N containing requested-attributes
for each job object in the response.
2.2.1.5 Validate the values of the REQUIRED Operation attributes
An IPP object validates the values supplied by the client of the
REQUIRED Operation attribute that the IPP object MUST support. The
next section specifies the validation of the values of the OPTIONAL
Operation attributes that IPP objects MAY support.
The IPP object performs the following syntactic validation checks of
each Operation attribute value:
a)that the length of each Operation attribute value is correct for
the attribute syntax tag supplied by the client according to
[RFC2566] Section 4.1,
b)that the attribute syntax tag is correct for that Operation
attribute according to [RFC2566] Section 3,
c)that the value is in the range specified for that Operation
attribute according to [RFC2566] Section 3,
d)that multiple values are supplied by the client only for
operation attributes that are multi-valued, i.e., that are
1setOf X according to [RFC2566] Section 3.
If any of these checks fail, the IPP object REJECTS the request and
RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request' or the 'client-error-request-
value-too-long' status code. Since such an error is most likely to
be an error detected by a client developer, rather than by an end-
user, the IPP object NEED NOT return an indication of which attribute
had the error in either the Unsupported Attributes Group or the
Status Message. The description for each of these syntactic checks
is explicitly expressed in the first IF statement in the following
table.
In addition, the IPP object checks each Operation attribute value
against some Printer object attribute or some hard-coded value if
there is no "xxx-supported" Printer object attribute defined. If its
value is not among those supported or is not in the range supported,
then the IPP object REJECTS the request and RETURNS the error status
code indicated in the table by the second IF statement. If the value
of the Printer object's "xxx-supported" attribute is 'no-value'
(because the system administrator hasn't configured a value), the
check always fails.
attributes-charset (charset)
IF NOT a single non-empty 'charset' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-
error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 63 octets, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NOT in the Printer object's "charset-supported" attribute,
REJECT/RETURN "client-error-charset-not-supported".
attributes-natural-language(naturalLanguage)
IF NOT a single non-empty 'naturalLanguage' value, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 63 octets, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'.
ACCEPT the request even if not a member of the set in the Printer
object's "generated-natural-language-supported" attribute. If
the supplied value is not a member of the Printer object's
"generated-natural-language-supported" attribute, use the
Printer object's "natural-language-configured" value.
requesting-user-name
IF NOT a single 'name' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF the IPP object can obtain a better authenticated name, use it
instead.
job-name(name)
IF NOT a single 'name' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NOT supplied by the client, the Printer object creates a name
from the document-name or document-uri.
document-name (name)
IF NOT a single 'name' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
ipp-attribute-fidelity (boolean)
IF NEITHER a single 'true' NOR a single 'false' 'boolean' value,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is NOT equal to 1 octet, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'
IF NOT supplied by the client, the IPP object assumes the value
'false'.
document-format (mimeMediaType)
IF NOT a single non-empty 'mimeMediaType' value, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NOT in the Printer object's "document-format-supported"
attribute, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-document-format-not-
supported'
IF NOT supplied by the client, the IPP object assumes the value of
the Printer object's "document-format-default" attribute.
document-uri (uri)
IF NOT a single non-empty 'uri' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-
error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 1023 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF the URI syntax is not valid, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF scheme is NOT in the Printer object's "reference-uri-schemes-
supported" attribute, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-uri-scheme-
not-supported'.
The Printer object MAY check to see if the document exists and is
accessible. If the document is not found or is not accessible,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-not found'.
last-document (boolean)
IF NEITHER a single 'true' NOR a single 'false' 'boolean' value,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is NOT equal to 1 octet, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'
job-id (integer(1:MAX))
IF NOT an single 'integer' value equal to 4 octets AND in the
range 1 to MAX, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF NOT a job-id of an existing Job object, REJECT/RETURN 'client-
error-not-found' or 'client-error-gone' status code, if keep
track of recently deleted jobs.
requested-attributes (1setOf keyword)
IF NOT one or more 'keyword' values, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-
bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
Ignore unsupported values which are the keyword names of
unsupported attributes. Don't bother to copy such requested
(unsupported) attributes to the Unsupported Attribute response
group since the response will not return them.
which-jobs (type2 keyword)
IF NOT a single 'keyword' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN
'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NEITHER 'completed' NOR 'not-completed', copy the attribute and
the unsupported value to the Unsupported Attributes response
group and REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-attributes-or-values-
not-supported'.
Note: a Printer still supports the 'completed' value even if it
keeps no completed/canceled/aborted jobs: by returning no jobs
when so queried.
IF NOT supplied by the client, the IPP object assumes the 'not-
completed' value.
my-jobs (boolean)
IF NEITHER a single 'true' NOR a single 'false' 'boolean' value,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is NOT equal to 1 octet, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'
IF NOT supplied by the client, the IPP object assumes the 'false'
value.
limit (integer(1:MAX))
IF NOT a single 'integer' value equal to 4 octets AND in the range
1 to MAX, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF NOT supplied by the client, the IPP object returns all jobs, no
matter how many.
2.2.1.6 Validate the values of the OPTIONAL Operation attributes
OPTIONAL Operation attributes are those that an IPP object MAY or MAY
NOT support. An IPP object validates the values of the OPTIONAL
attributes supplied by the client. The IPP object performs the same
syntactic validation checks for each OPTIONAL attribute value as in
Section 2.2.1.5. As in Section 2.2.1.5, if any fail, the IPP object
REJECTS the request and RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request' or the
'client-error-request-value-too-long' status code.
In addition, the IPP object checks each Operation attribute value
against some Printer attribute or some hard-coded value if there is
no "xxx-supported" Printer attribute defined. If its value is not
among those supported or is not in the range supported, then the IPP
object REJECTS the request and RETURNS the error status code
indicated in the table. If the value of the Printer object's "xxx-
supported" attribute is 'no-value' (because the system administrator
hasn't configured a value), the check always fails.
If the IPP object doesn't recognize/support an attribute, the IPP
object treats the attribute as an unknown or unsupported attribute
(see the last row in the table below).
document-natural-language (naturalLanguage)
IF NOT a single non-empty 'naturalLanguage' value, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-bad-request'.
IF the value length is greater than 63 octets, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NOT a value that the Printer object supports in document
formats, (no corresponding "xxx-supported" Printer attribute),
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-natural-language-not-supported'.
compression (type3 keyword)
IF NOT a single 'keyword' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 255 octets, REJECT/RETURN '
client-error-request-value-too-long'.
IF NOT in the Printer object's "compression-supported" attribute,
copy the attribute and the unsupported value to the Unsupported
Attributes response group and REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-
attributes-or-values-not-supported'.
job-k-octets (integer(0:MAX))
IF NOT a single 'integer' value equal to 4 octets,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF NOT in the range of the Printer object's "job-k-octets-
supported" attribute, copy the attribute and the unsupported
value to the Unsupported Attributes response group and
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-attributes-or-values-not-
supported'.
job-impressions (integer(0:MAX))
IF NOT a single 'integer' value equal to 4 octets,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF NOT in the range of the Printer object's "job-impressions-
supported" attribute, copy the attribute and the unsupported
value to the Unsupported Attributes response group and
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-attributes-or-values-not-
supported'.
job-media-sheets (integer(0:MAX))
IF NOT a single 'integer' value equal to 4 octets,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-request'.
IF NOT in the range of the Printer object's "job-media-sheets-
supported" attribute, copy the attribute and the unsupported
value to the Unsupported Attributes response group and
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-attributes-or-values-not-
supported'.
message (text(127))
IF NOT a single 'text' value, REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-bad-
request'.
IF the value length is greater than 127 octets,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
unknown or unsupported attribute
IF the attribute syntax supplied by the client is supported but
the length is not legal for that attribute syntax,
REJECT/RETURN 'client-error-request-value-too-long'.
ELSE copy the attribute and value to the Unsupported Attributes
response group and change the attribute value to the "out-of-
band" 'unsupported' value, but otherwise ignore the attribute.
Note: Future Operation attributes may be added to the protocol
specification that may occur anywhere in the specified group.
When the operation is otherwise successful, the IPP object returns
the 'successful-ok-ignored-or-substituted-attributes' status code.
Ignoring unsupported Operation attributes in all operations is
analogous to the handling of unsupported Job Template attributes
in the create and Validate-Job operations when the client supplies
the "ipp-attribute-fidelity" Operation attribute with the 'false'
value. This last rule is so that we can add OPTIONAL Operation
attributes to future versions of IPP so that older clients can
inter-work with new IPP objects and newer clients can inter-work
with older IPP objects. (If the new attribute cannot be ignored
without performing unexpectedly, the major version number would
have been increased in the protocol document and in the request).
This rule for Operation attributes is independent of the value of
the "ipp-attribute-fidelity" attribute. For example, if an IPP
object doesn't support the OPTIONAL "job-k-octets" attribute', the
IPP object treats "job-k-octets" as an unknown attribute and only
checks the length for the 'integer' attribute syntax supplied by
the client. If it is not four octets, the IPP object REJECTS the
request and RETURNS the 'client-error-bad-request' status code,
else the IPP object copies the attribute to the Unsupported
Attribute response group, setting the value to the "out-of-band" '
unsupported' value, but otherwise ignores the attribute.
2.2.2 Suggested Additional Processing Steps for Operations that
Create/Validate Jobs and Add Documents
This section in combination with the previous section recommends the
processing steps for the Print-Job, Validate-Job, Print-URI, Create-
Job, Send-Document, and Send-URI operations that IPP objects SHOULD
use. These are the operations that create jobs, validate a Print-Job
request, and add documents to a job.
2.2.2.1 Default "ipp-attribute-fidelity" if not supplied
The Printer object checks to see if the client supplied an "ipp-
attribute-fidelity" Operation attribute. If the attribute is not
supplied by the client, the IPP object assumes that the value is
'false'.
2.2.2.2 Check that the Printer object is accepting jobs
If the value of the Printer object's "printer-is-accepting-jobs" is
'false', the Printer object REJECTS the request and RETURNS the
'server-error-not-accepting-jobs' status code.
2.2.2.3 Validate the values of the Job Template attributes
An IPP object validates the values of all Job Template attribute
supplied by the client. The IPP object performs the analogous
syntactic validation checks of each Job Template attribute value that
it performs for Operation attributes (see Section 2.2.1.5.):
a)that the length of each value is correct for the attribute
syntax tag supplied by the client according to [RFC2566] Section
4.1.
b)that the attribute syntax tag is correct for that attribute
according to [RFC2566] Sections 4.2 to 4.4.